Liquid holdup in horizontal twophase gasliquid flow article pdf available in journal of petroleum science and engineering 1524. Gasliquid two phase flow through a vertical 90 degrees. Estimating slug liquid holdup in high viscosity oilgas two phase flow article pdf available in flow measurement and instrumentation 65 october 2018 with 221 reads how we measure reads. Liquid holdup correlation for horizontal, vertical and. Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or. In order to correct the measuring equipment, not only is the liquid holdup needed, but also the flow pattern of the twophase flow 3. The wavystratified flow pattern was observed for the liquid rates of 610. Calculation of the twophase density requires knowledge of the liquid holdup. Notes on twophase flow, boiling heat transfer, and.
Holdup in two phase flow 331, a i s e i,j stratified fw o 6. Analysis of gas and liquid twophase slug flow production. A statistical correlation for holdup was developed to include fluid physical properties, total mass. To extend the applicable range of existing liquid holdup prediction models and improve their prediction accuracy, a gasliquid twophase flow. The development of shale gas reservoir is mainly based on horizontal well production. The liquid hold up is dependant of the gas velocity relative to the liquid velocity as well as fluid properties density and viscosity, interfacial. Introduction gasliquid annular twophase flow is the flow which is composed of annular liquid film on the tube wall and a continuous gas core with or without liquid entrainments. Pdf a new model for prediction of liquid holdup in twophase. A condition in twophase flow through a vertical pipe.
Identification of the range of small diameter conduits regarding twophase flow patterns transitions. In twophase gasliquid flow, the slug flow always happens due to an increasing gas superficial velocity. Variation of total liquid holdup with gas f low rate as a function of liquid flow rate for airwater sys tem fig. Due to gravitational differentiation, oilwater twophase flow pattern, the local velocity and local phase holdup along the radial direction of pipe in near horizontal wells will perform complicatedly. Holdup for twophase flow of gasnonnewtonian liquid mixtures in horizontal and vertical pipes. Pdf liquid holdup in horizontal twophase gasliquid flow. A new model for prediction of liquid holdup in two phase flow under higher gas and liquid velocities article pdf available october 2018 with 214 reads how we measure reads. In order to extend the applicable range of existing liquid holdup prediction models and improve its prediction accuracy, a of gasliquid twophase flow experiment was carried out using a pipe of inner diameter 60mm and length of 11. In multiphase flow, each fluid moves at a different speed due to different gravitational forces and other factors, with the heavier phase moving slower, or being more held up, than the lighter phase.
This study is similar to abdul majeeds study for predict the liquid holdup in horizontal pipes. This change in holdup can either exit the line as a steady flow with increased liquid production, or it can come out in the form of a slug, depending on the flow rate change. Spe 10923 liquid holdup correlations for inclined twophase flow. Experimental investigations have been carried out to evaluate the twophase pressure drop and the holdup for flow through helical coils.
A model for predicting dynamic liquid holdup is presented. Pdf estimating slug liquid holdup in high viscosity oil. Liquid holdup for twophase countercurrent flow in the. Ratio of the velocity of the gas phase to the velocity of the liquid phase. The fluid flow in a geothermal well is not amenable to strict analytical treatment. Keywords twophase flow, annular flow, surface tension, interfacial friction 1. The wave characteristics of horizontal annular twophase flow in 16 mm diameter pipe were experimentally investigated using flushmounted constant electric current method cecm sensors and visual observations. The holdup of a particular fluid is not the same as the proportion of the total flow rate due to that fluid, also known as its cut. Materials with different chemical properties but in the same state or phase i.
Existing liquid holdup models are generally based on low gas and liquid velocities. Here, we only consider the qualitative features of gasliquid flow in a horizontal pipe to give you an appreciation of the complexity of twophase flow when compared with the flow of a single fluid phase. The coils were made of thick wall transparent pvc tube of diameter 0. The subscripts g and f indicate the vapor and liquid phase at saturation, respectively. Liquid holdup in concurrent gas liquid upflow through. Experimental study of pressure gradients occurring during continuous twophase flow in smalldiameter vertical conduits abstract alton r. Gasliquid two phase flow occurs extensively in petroleum industry. The pressure drop, residence time distribution, and liquid holdup are measured with gas and liquid flow rates varying from 4. Liquid holdup equations are functions of dimensionless liquid and gas velocity numbers in addition to liquid viscosity number and angle of inclination. Airwater is an example of twophase multi component flow.
Actually, the terms twocomponent flow and twophase flow are often used rather loosely in the literature to mean liquidgas flow and liquidvapor flow respectively. Void fraction measurement of gasliquid twophase flow. Liquid holdup in horizontal twophase gasliquid flow sciencedirect. Experimental study of gasliquid twophase flow for high.
Liquid holdup correlation for inclined twophase stratified flow in pipes ahmed saib naji abstract. The liquid slugs and gas pockets propagate alternatively in the pipe. Summary liquid holdup behavior in twophase inclined flow was studied in an inclined pipeflow simulator. The correlation is based on 112 pressure profiles consisting of 960 field measured pressure losses 340 tests for horizontal, 500 for vertical and 120 for inclined flow cover very wide range of all flow parameters. Argonwater is an instance of twophase twocomponent flow. This paper presents a new correlation for estimating liquid holdup in horizontal, vertical and inclined upward twophase flow. Two sets of empirical equations, one each for uphill and downhill flow, are presented. Liquid holdup article about liquid holdup by the free. Effects of surface tension on liquid film behavior and. The gas and liquid phases are separated by an interface that can be smooth or wavy. Relief valves for twophase gas liquid flow, chemical engineering, 109, no. The sketches on the following pages depict various regimes of cocurrent twophase flow. The superficial gas and liquid velocity ranges were. Such annular flow is frequently appeared in many types of.
For twophase flow, it is necessary to supplement mass, momentum and energy balance relations by empirical correlations for 1 friction factor, and 2 liquid holdup. Estimation of pressure drop, liquid holdup and flow. Martinelli type of correlation for horizontal flow. Liquid hold up occurs in 2phase gas and liquid flow through pipelines where the gas superficial velocity is higher than the liquid and some degree of liquid inventory is held up in the pipeline. Holdup in twophase, gasliquid flowitheoretical aspects. Neither liquid holdup nor flow pattern was measured during the hagedorn and brown study, although a correlation for the calculated liquid holdup is presented. Spe 10923 liquid holdup correlations for inclined two. Liquid holdup correlations for inclined twophase flow. Pdf a new model for prediction of liquid holdup in two. The liquid volume fraction in the slug body of gasliquid twophase flow is recognized as the slug liquid holdup. In this study, set of explicit equations to predict the liquid holdup in inclined stratified, twophase, gasliquid flow has been developed. Effects of surface tension on the liquid holdup and wave. All of this makes the modelling and analysis of low liquid loading, or wet gas, flow very important for the industry.
The engineers developed the terminology rather than the chemists. For downhill stratified flow, a third equation is presen. A new model for predicting liquid holdup in twophase flow. Liquid holdup and dispersion in packed columns pdf free. The correlation was developed by assuming that the twophase friction factor would be obtained from the moody diagram, based on two phase reynolds number. Multiphase flow correlations are used to predict the liquid holdup and frictional pressure gradient. Experimental study of the interfacial waves in horizontal.
Pressure drop, holdup and flow pattern data were successfully obtained simultaneously in the three vertical tubes, each 17. Flow regimes in vertical upward two phase flow according to hewitt 2012 8 fig. Liquid holdup in horizontal twophase gasliquid flow. Calculated liquid depth against specific energy for the free surface channel flow in a downward inclined circular conduit 4.
To examine the effect of surface tension on the wave velocity and frequency, air and three kinds of liquids with different surface tension were used, i. Lecture 14 multiphase flows applied computational fluid. Schematic flow diagram of the apparatus used by the author. Based on the measured data, it was found that taiteldukler model tends to overestimate liquid holdup for stratified wavy, slug and annular flow. Liquid holdup correlations for inclined twophase flow onepetro. A twophase flow model to predict liquid holdup and pressure. Slug flow of gasliquid twophase is invariably encountered in inclined wells and horizontal wells of a producing environment. Experimental study of pressure gradients occurring during. Pdf holdup in twophase, gasliquid flowitheoretical. Analysis of low liquid loading twophase flow using cfd. Abstract twophase flow in pipes occurs frequently in refineries, oil and gas production facilities and petrochemical. In the homogeneous model, the two phases are assumed to be travelling at the same velocity in the channel and the flow is treated as being analogous to a single phase flow see article on multiphase flow separated flow models.
Some researchers used the twouid model to calculate liquid holdup of strati ed and annular ow regimes 2224. Measured liquid holdup at various gas and liquid flow rates in. Due to gravitational differentiation, oilwater twophase flow pattern, the local velocity and local phase holdup along the radial direction of pipe in near horizontal wells. Slug flowa description bubbles of gas dispersed throughout the liquid plugs of gas in liquid phase layer of liquid with a. Schematic diagram of the two phase pressure loss in a horizontal. The twouid model was developed by establishing and solving a momentum equation for. A new model for predicting liquid holdup in twophase ow. In homogeneous gas and liquid two phase flow, there is not slippage between gas and liquid, and the slip velocity equals zero.
The predictions of flow pattern, liquid holdup and pressure losses. Hydrodynamics of gasliquid flow in micropacked beds. Although such analyses attempt to give some physical insight into the flow mechanism, they inevitably entail gross simplifications and empiricism. I am still of opinion that controlling twophase flow is impossible in real systems, simply because of high influence of hydraulics liquid holdup, flow regime on control valve performance and actual flow and that was the original question estimating phase flows through a valve with known cv of both liquid and vaporgas phases through the. The value of liquid holdup varies from zero for singlephase gas flow to one for single phase liquid. It is recognized by the liquid phase flows along the bottom of the pipe whereas the gas phase flows cocurrently above it. Flow regimes in horizontal twophase flow typical velocities ms regime 1. Pdf liquid holdup correlation for horizontal, vertical. A wide range of models have been developed for twophase flow systems.
The prediction of liquid holdup in horizontal pipe with bp. When the flow rate is increased, the liquid holdup in the line decreases. In the packed column with a novel internal, which is made of several structured porous passages, gas is divided into two branches which meet liquid in countercurrent and crosscurrent, respectively, so the excessive pressure drop and flooding of conventional gas. Three equations for twophase density are used by various investigators in twophase flow. Experimental study of liquid holdup of liquidgas two. When gas and liquid flow concurrently in a pipe, the gas normally travels faster than the liquid, causing a slippage between the phases. For higher liquid rates, the flow pattern was always pseudoslug flow. Some researchers used the two uid model to calculate liquid holdup of strati ed and annular ow regimes 2224. The two uid model was developed by establishing and solving a momentum equation for. Liquid holdup behavior in twophase inclined flow was studied in an inclined pipeflow simulator. Hughmark 1962 slip correlation either horizontal or vertical flow.